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Photosynthesis and related metabolic mechanism of promoted rice (<i>Oryza sativai> L.) growth by TiO2 nanoparticles

Yingdan Zhang, Na Liu, Wei Wang, Jianteng Sun, Lizhong Zhu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1282-5

摘要： Abstract • The rice growth was promoted by nano-TiO2 of 0.1–100 mg/L. • Nano-TiO2 enhanced the energy storage in photosynthesis. • Nano-TiO2 reduced energy consumption in carbohydrate metabolism and TCA cycle. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle (nano-TiO2), as an excellent UV absorbent and photo-catalyst, has been widely applied in modern industry, thus inevitably discharged into environment. We proposed that nano-TiO2 in soil can promote crop yield through photosynthetic and metabolic disturbance, therefore, we investigated the effects of nano-TiO2 exposure on related physiologic-biochemical properties of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Results showed that rice biomass was increased >30% at every applied dosage (0.1–100 mg/L) of nano-TiO2. The actual photosynthetic rate (Y(II)) significantly increased by 10.0% and 17.2% in the treatments of 10 and 100 mg/L respectively, indicating an increased energy production from photosynthesis. Besides, non-photochemical quenching (Y(NPQ)) significantly decreased by 19.8%–26.0% of the control in all treatments respectively, representing a decline in heat dissipation. Detailed metabolism fingerprinting further revealed that a fortified transformation of monosaccharides (D-fructose, D-galactose, and D-talose) to disaccharides (D-cellobiose, and D-lactose) was accompanied with a weakened citric acid cycle, confirming the decrease of energy consumption in metabolism. All these results elucidated that nano-TiO2 promoted rice growth through the upregulation of energy storage in photosynthesis and the downregulation of energy consumption in metabolism. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of the stress-response hormesis of rice after exposure to nano-TiO2, and provides worthy information on the potential application and risk of nanomaterials in agricultural production.

关键词： Nano-TiO2     Rice     Photosynthesis     Metabolomics     Energy storage    

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Effects of nano-silicon and common silicon on lead uptake and translocation in two rice cultivars

Jianguo LIU,Hui CAI,Congcong MEI,Mingxin WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第5期   页码 905-911 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0786-x

摘要： The current study investigated the effects of nano-silicon (Si) and common Si on lead (Pb) toxicity, uptake, translocation, and accumulation in the rice cultivars Yangdao 6 and Yu 44 grown in soil containing two different Pb levels (500 mg·kg and 1000 mg·kg ). The results showed that Si application alleviated the toxic effects of Pb on rice growth. Under soil Pb treatments of 500 and 1000 mg·kg , the biomasses of plants supplied with common Si and nano-Si were 1.8%–5.2% and 3.3%–11.8% higher, respectively, than those of plants with no Si supply (control). Compared to the control, Pb concentrations in rice shoots supplied with common Si and nano-Si were reduced by 14.3%–31.4% and 27.6%–54.0%, respectively. Pb concentrations in rice grains treated with common Si and nano-Si decreased by 21.3%–40.9% and 38.6%–64.8%, respectively. Pb translocation factors (TFs) from roots to shoots decreased by 15.0%–29.3% and 25.6%–50.8%, respectively. The TFs from shoots to grains reduced by 8.3%–13.7% and 15.3%–21.1%, respectively, after Si application. The magnitudes of the effects observed on plants decreased in the following order: nano-Si treatment>common Si treatment and high-grain-Pb-accumulating cultivar (Yangdao 6)>low-grain-Pb-accumulating cultivar (Yu 44) and heavy Pb stress (1000 mg·kg )>moderate Pb stress (500 mg·kg )>no Pb treatment. The results of the study indicate that nano-Si is more efficient than common Si in ameliorating the toxic effects of Pb on rice growth, preventing Pb transfer from rice roots to aboveground parts, and blocking Pb accumulation in rice grains, especially in high-Pb-accumulating rice cultivars and in heavily Pb-polluted soils.

关键词： silicon (Si)     lead (Pb)     rice (Oryza sativa L.)     toxicity     accumulation    

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Antifungal and antibacterial functions of medicinal leech recombinant destabilase-lysozyme and its heated-up derivative

PISKUNKOVA, I. B. PAVLOVA, L. L. ZAVALOVA, I. P. BASKOVA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 203-209 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1277-2

摘要： Antifungal activity of recombinant medicinal leech destabilase-lysozyme (rec.Dest-Lys) was investigated by using fungi: , and , including yeasts and . Its antibacterial activity was investigated on gram-negative bacteria . These activities were assessed by radial agar diffusion assay, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Therefore, destabilase-lysozyme not only is endo-isopeptidase and lysozyme, but also has antifungal and antibacterial activities. Muramidase activity of rec.Dest-Lys disappeared after heat-treating at 90°C for 50 min without the loss of its antimicrobial activity. Furthermore we showed for the first time that the heated-up derivative of rec.Dest-Lys exhibited more potent activities against the above enumerated fungi and gram-negative bacteria than original protein.

关键词： recombinant destabilase-lysozyme (rec.Dest-Lys)     antimicrobial activity     antifungal activity     medicinal leech     heated-up derivative of rec.Dest-Lys (T-rec.Dest-Lys)    

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<i>Aphanomyces euteichesi> ——加拿大豌豆生产的严重威胁 Review

Longfei Wu,Kan-Fa Chang,Robert L.

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第4期   页码 542-551 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.006

摘要：

豌豆（Pisum sativum var. arvense L.）是世界上重要的豆科作物。豌豆籽粒蛋白质含量很高，并能提高土壤中有效氮的含量。

关键词： 豌豆     <i>Aphanomyces euteichesi>     根腐病     致病力变异     数量性状基因座    

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Oral product input to the GI tract: GIS an oral product performance technology

Gordon L. Amidon, Yasuhiro Tsume

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 516-520 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1658-7

摘要： The patient receives a pharmaceutical product, not a drug. The pharmaceutical products are formulated with a drug, an active ingredient to produce the maximum therapeutic effect after oral absorption. Therefore, it is the product we must optimize for the patients. In order to assure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products, we need an predictive tool for oral product performance in patients. Currently, we are a surprisingly long way from accomplishing that objective. If the 20th century was the ‘age of the drug’, i.e., the ‘magic bullet’, the 21st century must become the ‘age of the guided missile’, i.e., the delivery system, including the form of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) (‘drug’). The physical form of the drug and the delivery system must be optimized to maximize the therapeutic benefits of pharmaceutical products for humans. Oral immediate release (IR) dosage forms cannot be optimal for all drugs or likely even any drugs (APIs). Still, the formulation of pharmaceutical products has to be optimized for patients. But how do we optimize oral delivery of drugs? It is usually through ‘trial and error’, in humans! We need a better way to optimize the oral dosage forms. We have suggested to select different dissolution methodologies for this optimization based on BCS Subclasses. In this article, we present the predicted drug dissolution profile of ketoconazole as a model drug from our laboratory utilizing a gastrointestinal simulator (GIS), which is an adaptation of the ASD system. GIS consists of three chambers representing stomach, duodenum, and jejunum, to create the human gastrointestinal tract-like environment and enable the control the gastric emptying rate. This dissolution system allows the monitoring of the drug dissolution phenomena and the observation of the supersaturation and the precipitation of pharmaceutical products, which is useful information to predict dissolution of pharmaceutical products. This system can provide the actual input needed to accurately predict the input into the systemic circulation required by many of the absorption prediction packages available today.

关键词： GIS     in vivo predictive dissolution     ketoconazole     BCS subclassification     supersaturation    

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Identification of molecular markers linked to rice bacterial blight resistance genes from

Jing WANG,Chen CHENG,Yanru ZHOU,Yong YANG,Qiong MEI,Junmin LI,Ye CHENG,Chengqi YAN,Jianping CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 260-265 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015070

摘要： Y73 is a progeny of asymmetric somatic hybridization between cv. Dalixiang and the wild rice species . Inoculation with a range of strains of pv. showed that Y73 had inherited a high level of resistance to rice bacterial blight (BB) from its wild parent. An F population of 7125 individuals was constructed from the cross between Y73 and a BB-susceptible cultivar IR24. After testing 615 SSR and STS markers covering the 12 rice chromosomes, 186 markers were selected that showed polymorphism between Y73 and IR24. Molecular markers linked to the BB resistance genes in Y73 were scanned using the F population and the polymorphic markers. The SSR marker RM128 on chromosome 1, the STS marker R03D159 on chromosome 3 and the STS marker R05D104 on chromosome 5 were found to be linked to the rice BB resistance genes in Y73.

关键词： Oryza meyeriana     bacterial blight resistance gene     genetic population     linkage molecular marker    

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Association between heavy metals and antibiotic-resistant human pathogens in environmental reservoirs: A review

Hugie, Molly L. Kile, Tala Navab-Daneshmand

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1129-0

摘要：

Heavy metals can act as co-selecting agents and promote antibiotic resistance.

Most frequent resistances to heavy metals are observed for zinc and cadmium.

P. aeruginosa and E. coli are commonly resistant to heavy metals and antibiotics.

Heavy metals proliferate antibiotic resistance through co- and cross-resistance.

Heavy metal and antibiotic resistances are common near anthropogenic activities.

关键词： Zinc     Cadmium     Copper     Lead     E. coli     P. aeruginosa    

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Dual enzyme activated fluorescein based fluorescent probe

Maria L. Odyniec, Jordan E. Gardiner, Adam C. Sedgwick, Xiao-Peng He, Steven D. Bull, Tony D. James

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 117-121 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1785-9

摘要： A simple dual analyte fluorescein-based probe ( ) was synthesised containing -glucosidase ( -glc) and hydrogen peroxide (H O ) trigger units. The presence of -glc, resulted in fragmentation of the parent molecule releasing glucose and the slightly fluorescent mono-boronate fluorescein ( ). Subsequently, in the presence of glucose oxidase (GOx), the released glucose was catalytically converted to D-glucono- -lactone, which produced H O as a by-product. The GOx-produced H O resulted in classic H O -mediated boronate oxidation and the release of the highly emissive fluorophore, fluorescein. This unique cascade reaction lead to an 80-fold increase in fluorescence intensity.

关键词： chemosensors     dual-activation     GOx     fluorescence     β-glucosidase     molecular logic    

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Utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases of drying process

Arsenyeva,Lidija Čuček,Leonid L. Tovazhnyanskyy,Petro O. Kapustenko,Yana A.Kusakov,Oleksandr I. Matsegora

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 131-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1560-8

摘要： Nowadays a lot of low-grade heat is wasted from the industry through the off- and flue-gasses with different compositions. These gases provide the sensitive heat with utilisation potential and latent heat with the components for condensation. In this paper, process integration methodology has been applied to the partly condensed streams. A hot composite curve that represents the gas mixture cooling according to equation of state for real gases was drawn to account the gas-liquid equilibrium. According to the pinch analysis methodology, the pinch point was specified and optimal minimal temperature difference was determined. The location of the point where gas and liquid phases can be split for better recuperation of heat energy within heat exchangers is estimated using the developed methodology. The industrial case study of tobacco drying process off-gasses is analysed for heat recovery. The mathematical model was developed by using MathCad software to minimise the total annualised cost using compact plate heat exchangers for waste heat utilisation. The obtained payback period for the required investments is less than six months. The presented method was validated by comparison with industrial test data.

关键词： exhaust gas     waste heat     process integration     plate heat exchanger    

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Treating wastewater under zero waste principle using wetland mesocosms

Safaa M. Ezzat, Mohammed T. Mohammed T.

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1351-9

摘要： Abstract • Smart wetland was designed to treat wastewater according to zero waste principle. • The system included a dynamic roughing filter, Cyperus papyrus (L.) and zeolite. • It removed 98.8 and 99.8% of chemical and bacterial pollutants in 3 days. • The effluent reused to irrigate a landscape and the sludge recycled as fertilizer. • The plant biomass is a profitable resource for antibacterial and antioxidants. The present investigation demonstrates the synergistic action of using a sedimentation unit together with Cyperus papyrus (L.) wetland enriched with zeolite mineral in one-year round experiment for treating wastewater. The system was designed to support a horizontal surface flow pattern and showed satisfactory removal efficiencies for both physicochemical and bacteriological contaminants within 3 days of residence time. The removal efficiencies ranged between 76.3% and 98.8% for total suspended solids, turbidity, iron, biological oxygen demand, and ammonia. The bacterial indicators (total and fecal coliforms, as well as fecal streptococci) and the potential pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) showed removal efficiencies ranged between 96.9% and 99.8%. We expect the system to offer a smart management for every component according to zero waste principle. The treated effluent was reused to irrigate the landscape of pilot area, and the excess sludge was recycled as fertilizer and soil conditioner. The zeolite mineral did not require regeneration for almost 36 weeks of operation, and enhanced the density of shoots (14.11%) and the height of shoots (15.88%). The harvested plant biomass could be a profitable resource for potent antibacterial and antioxidant bioactive compounds. This could certainly offset part of the operation and maintenance costs and optimize the system implementation feasibility. Although the experiment was designed under local conditions, its results could provide insights to upgrade and optimize the performance of other analogous large-scale constructed wetlands.

关键词： Wastewater     dynamic roughing filter     Cyperus papyrus (L.)     zeolite     zero waste    

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解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵红小豆的理化特性和生物活性 Article

吴珊, 卢帅, 刘军, 杨绍青, 闫巧娟, 江正强

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第2期   页码 219-225 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.10.010

摘要：

本研究采用解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵红小豆（Vigna umbellata）,并评价了发酵红小豆的理化特性和生物活性。以纤溶酶活性为指标优化了发酵条件，在最适发酵条件下，纤溶酶活性最高达78.0 FU∙g-1（4890 IU∙g-1，纤维蛋白平板法）。发酵红小豆中多肽含量（2.1~10.9 g∙100 g-1）、总酚含量（116.7~388.5 mg没食子酸∙100 g-1）、总黄酮含量（235.5~354.3 mg芦丁∙100 g-1）、花青素含量（20.1~47.1 mg∙100 g-1）和超氧化物歧化酶活性（55.3~263.6 U∙g-1）显著增加。红小豆经发酵后的2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基（DPPH）和2,2-联氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐（ABTS）自由基清除活性和铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）较未发酵的红小豆提高1.9~4.8倍。此外，发酵红小豆的二肽基肽酶Ⅳ（DPP-Ⅳ）抑制活性、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和抗凝血活性显著提高。解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵红小豆具有多种功能活性，对开发预防血栓性疾病的功能食品具有重要意义。

关键词： 固态发酵     红小豆     解淀粉芽孢杆菌     抗血栓活性     抗氧化活性     降血糖活性    

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Identification of pakchoi cultivars with low cadmium accumulation and soil factors that affect their cadmium uptake and translocation

Lin WANG,Yingming XU,Yuebing SUN,Xuefeng LIANG,Dasong LIN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 877-887 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0676-7

摘要： The selection and use of low-Cd-accumulating cultivar (LCAC) has been proposed as one of the promising approaches in minimizing the entry of Cd in the human food chain. This study suggests a screening criterion of LCACs focusing on food safety. Pot culture and plot experiments were conducted to screen out LCACs from 35 pakchoi cultivars and to identify the crucial soil factors that affect Cd accumulation in LCACs. Results of the pot culture experiment showed that shoot Cd concentrations under the three Cd treatments significantly varied across cultivars. Two cultivars, Hualv 2 and Huajun 2, were identified as LCACs because their shoot Cd concentrations were lower than 0.2 mg·kg under low Cd treatment and high Cd exposure did not affect the biomass of their shoots. The plot experiment further confirmed the consistency and genotypic stability of the low-Cd-accumulating traits of the two LCACs under various soil conditions. Results also showed that soil phosphorus availability was the most important soil factor in the Cd accumulation of pakchoi, which related negatively not only to Cd uptake by root but also to Cd translocation from root to shoot. The total Cd accumulation and translocation rates were lower in the LCACs than in the high-Cd cultivar, suggesting that Cd accumulation in different cultivars is associated with the Cd uptake by root as well as translocation from root to shoot. This study proves the feasibility of the application of the LCAC strategy in pakchoi cultivation to cope with Cd contamination in agricultural soils.

关键词： pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.)     cadmium contamination     low-cadmium-accumulating cultivar (LCAC)     genotype variation     soil factor     translocation    

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利用<i>cyp17a1i>缺失的伪雄鲤成功构建全雌鲤群体 Article

翟刚, 舒婷婷, 陈贶新, 娄气永, 贾景怡, 黄建飞, 石闯 , 金霞, 贺江燕, 姜冬火, 钱雪桥, 胡炜, 殷战

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第8卷 第1期   页码 181-189 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.026

摘要：

部分养殖鱼类存在两性生长异形的表型，因此，构建相应单性别养殖群体对水产养殖产量的提升具有产业应用价值。迄今为止，采用激素活性物质诱导产生性反转亲本是水产养殖业构建单性别群体最普遍使用的方法。本研究针对雌鲤生长快于雄鲤的两性生长异形的特性，以cyp17a1 为靶点进行了CRISPR/Cas9介导的基因编辑操作，利用cyp17a1 敲除后形成的伪雄鲤，成功构建了全雌鲤群体。首先，我们发现无论遗传性别型为XX还是XY，其cyp17a1 缺失鲤个体性腺均发育为精巢，并能正常产精。其次，利用确定的雄性特异DNA分子标记，筛选到cyp17a1 -/- XX伪雄个体，其具有正常的精巢发育和精子发生。将其与野生型雌鲤杂交，在8 月龄时检测后代性别，发现100%为雌性。将全雌群体和对照组雌雄混合群体各500 尾进行同塘生长对比养殖，至8 月龄或12 月龄时随机抽样检测，发现cyp17a1杂合突变雌鲤体重比同塘性别混养对照组分别高6.60%或32.66%。因此，本研究首次成功地利用基因工程技术对单基因位点进行操作，创制了全雌群体，实现了对雌鲤生长快的两性生长异形特性的应用，提升了养殖产量。

关键词： 鲤     两性异形     生长     <i>cyp17a1i>     性类固醇激素     全雌群体    

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In memory of Perry L. McCarty, seminal founder of Environmental Biotechnology

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1730-0

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Comments on the special issue on forestry of

John L. INNES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第4期   页码 502-503 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017189

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Photosynthesis and related metabolic mechanism of promoted rice (<i>Oryza sativai> L.) growth by TiO2 nanoparticles

Yingdan Zhang, Na Liu, Wei Wang, Jianteng Sun, Lizhong Zhu

期刊论文

Effects of nano-silicon and common silicon on lead uptake and translocation in two rice cultivars

Jianguo LIU,Hui CAI,Congcong MEI,Mingxin WANG

期刊论文

Antifungal and antibacterial functions of medicinal leech recombinant destabilase-lysozyme and its heated-up derivative

PISKUNKOVA, I. B. PAVLOVA, L. L. ZAVALOVA, I. P. BASKOVA

期刊论文

<i>Aphanomyces euteichesi> ——加拿大豌豆生产的严重威胁

Longfei Wu,Kan-Fa Chang,Robert L.

期刊论文

Oral product input to the GI tract: GIS an oral product performance technology

Gordon L. Amidon, Yasuhiro Tsume

期刊论文

Identification of molecular markers linked to rice bacterial blight resistance genes from

Jing WANG,Chen CHENG,Yanru ZHOU,Yong YANG,Qiong MEI,Junmin LI,Ye CHENG,Chengqi YAN,Jianping CHEN

期刊论文

Association between heavy metals and antibiotic-resistant human pathogens in environmental reservoirs: A review

Hugie, Molly L. Kile, Tala Navab-Daneshmand

期刊论文

Dual enzyme activated fluorescein based fluorescent probe

Maria L. Odyniec, Jordan E. Gardiner, Adam C. Sedgwick, Xiao-Peng He, Steven D. Bull, Tony D. James

期刊论文

Utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases of drying process

Arsenyeva,Lidija Čuček,Leonid L. Tovazhnyanskyy,Petro O. Kapustenko,Yana A.Kusakov,Oleksandr I. Matsegora

期刊论文

Treating wastewater under zero waste principle using wetland mesocosms

Safaa M. Ezzat, Mohammed T. Mohammed T.

期刊论文

解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵红小豆的理化特性和生物活性

吴珊, 卢帅, 刘军, 杨绍青, 闫巧娟, 江正强

期刊论文

Identification of pakchoi cultivars with low cadmium accumulation and soil factors that affect their cadmium uptake and translocation

Lin WANG,Yingming XU,Yuebing SUN,Xuefeng LIANG,Dasong LIN

期刊论文

利用<i>cyp17a1i>缺失的伪雄鲤成功构建全雌鲤群体

翟刚, 舒婷婷, 陈贶新, 娄气永, 贾景怡, 黄建飞, 石闯 , 金霞, 贺江燕, 姜冬火, 钱雪桥, 胡炜, 殷战

期刊论文

In memory of Perry L. McCarty, seminal founder of Environmental Biotechnology

期刊论文

Comments on the special issue on forestry of

John L. INNES

期刊论文